What benefit is offered by modular servers over rack servers?

The benefit of modular servers achieving higher density by reducing consumed rack space is significant. Modular servers are designed to house multiple server nodes within a single chassis, which consolidates the physical footprint required in a data center environment. This design enables organizations to maximize the amount of computing power available in a limited space without the need for additional rack units.

By allowing multiple servers to operate within a single enclosure, modular systems can significantly increase the overall computing capacity while using less rack space compared to traditional rack servers, which often require individual placement in separate racks. This efficiency is particularly advantageous when data center space is at a premium, as it allows for more power and resources in a compact area. Modular servers can be more effective for companies looking to optimize their infrastructure while maintaining an agile operational model that can scale as needed.

As for the other choices, while lower power requirements and hot replacement of individual servers are beneficial features, they do not directly relate to the primary advantage of space efficiency provided by modular servers. Additionally, integrating all hardware technology into a single circuit board is usually not a characteristic of modular servers, which typically maintain a level of separation between components for flexibility and maintainability.